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Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE or e-waste) is one of the fastest growing waste streams in the EU. It includes everything from mobile phones, computers, and TVs, to household appliances, lamps, medical devices, and photovoltaic panels.
  • E-waste contains hazardous substances that can cause serious environmental and health problems if not managed properly.

  • It also contains rare and expensive resources, including critical raw materials, which can be recycled and reused to improve the EU’s strategic autonomy.

Objectives

EU legislation on WEEE aims to:
​
  1. Prevent the creation of WEEE and encourage reusability.
  2. Promote efficient resource use and retrieval of secondary raw materials (through recycling and recovery).
  3. Improve the environmental performance of all actors involved in an EEE’s life cycle.
  • 14.4 million tonnes of electrical & electronic equipment were put on the EU market.
  • 5 million tonnes of WEEE were collected.
  • 11.2 kg of e-waste were collected per person.

Legislative Framework

​WEEE Directive
​
  • WEEE Directive (2012/19/EU) (Consolidated Version)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02012L0019-20180704)
    • Requires separate collection and proper treatment of WEEE.
    • Sets targets for collection, recovery, and recycling.
    • Helps combat illegal waste exports by clarifying the rules on shipments.
    • Calls for harmonised registers and reporting across EU countries.

​RoHS Directive
  • RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU): Restricts hazardous substances in EEE to reduce e-waste toxicity and facilitate safer recycling.

Implementation

Implementation of the WEEE Directive
  • Provides guidelines and tools for WEEE data collection, reporting, and treatment standards.
  • Includes details on calculation methodologies, harmonised formats, and best practices for Member States.

Timeline

  • February 2003
    First WEEE Directive enters into force.
  • 17 December 2019
    Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/2193 adopted.
  • June 2023
    Public consultation on the evaluation of the WEEE Directive.
  • October 2023
    Commission adopts policy recommendations to increase the return of small electronics.
Back to Waste & Recycling Page
Sources: European Union, http://www.europa.eu/, 1995-2025, 

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