Brussels,

Decisions on the adoption, renewal, or lifting of sanctions regimes are taken by the Council of the European Union, on the basis of proposals from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. The European Commission, together with the High Representative, give effect to these decisions into EU law through joint proposals for Council regulations, also adopted by the Council. In addition, in its role as guardian of the treaties the Commission has an essential role in overseeing sanctions implementation by Member States.

​The EU can impose restrictive measures either on its own initiative or in order to implement UN Security Council resolutions.

EU sanctions may target governments of non-EU countries, as well as companies, groups, organisations, or individuals through the following measures
  • arms embargoes
  • restrictions on admission (travel bans)
  • asset freezes
  • other economic measures such as restrictions on imports and exports

​National competent authorities for sanctions