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National energy and climate plans (NECPs)
To meet the EU’s energy and climate targets for 2030, EU countries need to establish a 10-year integrated national energy and climate plan (NECP) for the period from 2021 to 2030.
Introduced under the Regulation on the governance of the energy union and climate action (EU/2018/1999), the rules required the final NECP to be submitted to the Commission by the end of 2019.
Areas covered by the NECPs
The national plans outline how the EU countries intend to address:
- energy efficiency
- renewables
- greenhouse gas emissions reductions
- interconnections
- research and innovation
This approach requires a coordination of purpose across all government departments. It also provides a level of planning that will ease public and private investment. The fact that all EU countries are using a similar template means that they can work together to make efficiency gains across borders.
The process
The governance regulation required that all EU countries submit:
- their draft plans for the period 2021-2030 to the Commission by the end of 2018
- their final plans by the end of 2019 (taking account of the Commission's assessment and recommendations on the draft plans)
- progress report every 2 years.
The Commission will, as part of the state of the energy union reports, monitor EU progress as a whole towards achieving these targets.
To better develop and implement the plans, the EU countries were required to consult citizens, businesses and regional authorities in the drafting and finalisation process.
NECPs sumitted in 2019
The Commission published a Communication assessing the 28 draft NECPs in June 2019 (COM/2019/285), together with specific recommendations and a detailed "Staff Working Document" for each EU countries. They are available in the table below. The Commission also published detailed annexes on methodology (SWD/2019/212) and national forestry accounting plans (SWD/2019/213).
NECPs: The final 2021 - 2030 National Plan
The Commission published its assessment of the cumulative impactof the 27 NECPs (COM(2020) 564 final) on 17 September 2020, in parallel with the proposals for a new 2030 Climate Target Plan.
The 2020 energy union report, published on 14 October 2020, included 27 staff working documents with the Commission’s assessment of each individual NECP, also available in the table below
The overall assessment shows that for renewable energy, the combined commitment by EU countries is estimated at 33.1%-33.7% - above the existing renewable energy target of at least 32%. It proves that renewables are becoming cost-effective and that more potential can be tapped through more equal efforts amongst countries.
To this end, and to meet the higher 2030 climate target of at least 55% greenhouse gas emissions reduction, the Commission will revise existing legislation from June 2021.
The table below links to the final integrated national energy and climate plans for the period from 2021 to 2030, as submitted by EU countries, as of 1 February 2023
The Commission published its assessment of the cumulative impactof the 27 NECPs (COM(2020) 564 final) on 17 September 2020, in parallel with the proposals for a new 2030 Climate Target Plan.
The 2020 energy union report, published on 14 October 2020, included 27 staff working documents with the Commission’s assessment of each individual NECP, also available in the table below
The overall assessment shows that for renewable energy, the combined commitment by EU countries is estimated at 33.1%-33.7% - above the existing renewable energy target of at least 32%. It proves that renewables are becoming cost-effective and that more potential can be tapped through more equal efforts amongst countries.
To this end, and to meet the higher 2030 climate target of at least 55% greenhouse gas emissions reduction, the Commission will revise existing legislation from June 2021.
The table below links to the final integrated national energy and climate plans for the period from 2021 to 2030, as submitted by EU countries, as of 1 February 2023
Austria
Original version: DE
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Belgium
Original version: FR - NL
English version:
National website: Belgium
Summary tables**: EN
Bulgaria
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Croatia
Original version: HR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Cyprus
Original version:
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**:
Czechia
Original version: CS
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Denmark
Original version:
English version: EN
National website: Denmark
Summary tables**: EN
Estonia
Original version: ET
English version: EN
National website: Estonia
Summary tables**: EN
Finland
Original version: FI
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
France
Original version: FR - Summary: FR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Germany
Original version: DE
English version: EN
National website: Germany
Summary tables**: EN
Greece
Original version: EL
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Hungary
Original version: HU* - HU (update 2021)
English version: EN (update 2021)
National website: Hungary
Summary tables**: EN
Ireland
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Italy
Original version: IT - Annex 1: IT - Annex 2: IT
English version: Summary: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Latvia
Original version: LV
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Lithuania
Original version: LT - LT (update 2021)
English version:
National website: Lithuania - Lithuania (update 2021)
Summary tables**: EN
Luxembourg
Original version: FR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Malta
Original version:
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Netherlands
Original version: NL
English version: EN
National website: Netherlands
Summary tables**: EN
Poland
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Portugal
Original version: PT
English version: EN
National website: Portugal
Summary tables**: EN
Romania
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Slovakia
Original version: SK
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Slovenia
Original version: SI
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Spain
Original version: ES - Annex: ES
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Sweden
Original version: SV
English version:
National website: Sweden
Summary tables**: EN
Original version: DE
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Belgium
Original version: FR - NL
English version:
National website: Belgium
Summary tables**: EN
Bulgaria
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Croatia
Original version: HR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Cyprus
Original version:
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**:
Czechia
Original version: CS
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Denmark
Original version:
English version: EN
National website: Denmark
Summary tables**: EN
Estonia
Original version: ET
English version: EN
National website: Estonia
Summary tables**: EN
Finland
Original version: FI
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
France
Original version: FR - Summary: FR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Germany
Original version: DE
English version: EN
National website: Germany
Summary tables**: EN
Greece
Original version: EL
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Hungary
Original version: HU* - HU (update 2021)
English version: EN (update 2021)
National website: Hungary
Summary tables**: EN
Ireland
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Italy
Original version: IT - Annex 1: IT - Annex 2: IT
English version: Summary: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Latvia
Original version: LV
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Lithuania
Original version: LT - LT (update 2021)
English version:
National website: Lithuania - Lithuania (update 2021)
Summary tables**: EN
Luxembourg
Original version: FR
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Malta
Original version:
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Netherlands
Original version: NL
English version: EN
National website: Netherlands
Summary tables**: EN
Poland
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Portugal
Original version: PT
English version: EN
National website: Portugal
Summary tables**: EN
Romania
Original version:
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**:
Slovakia
Original version: SK
English version: EN
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Slovenia
Original version: SI
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Spain
Original version: ES - Annex: ES
English version:
National website:
Summary tables**: EN
Sweden
Original version: SV
English version:
National website: Sweden
Summary tables**: EN